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A. Title page

Please provide the following information:

  • A concise and informative title
  • The name(s) of the author(s)
  • The affiliation(s) of the author(s), i.e. institution, (department), city, (state), country
  • The name and e-mail address of corresponding author

B. Abstract page

  • The abstract will summarize the main facts, findings and principal conclusions.
  • It should not contain any undefined abbreviations or references.
  • Information on the structure and maximum number of words, depending on the type of paper, can be found in Table 1. For more details, please click on the type of paper you are interested in.
  • Please provide 3 to 10 keywords that can be used for indexing purposes.
  • Trial registration number and date of registration (if applicable).

C. Manuscript

1. Editing:

  • File type – Microsoft Word (.doc)
  • Page design – A4, normal margins (2,54 cm top, bottom, left, right)
  • Page numbering – bottom middle of the page
  • Format – Arial, size 11, spacing 1.15 lines


The structure and requirements depend on the type of manuscript (please see Table 1 and click on the category to see further details).

CategoryAbstract
Word limit
Type

Word limit
(paper body)
References
(max number)
Tables and figures
(max number)
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

  • Case –Control
  • Cohort study
  • Intervention study
  • Observational study

300
Structured*
4000505
Clinical trial300
Structured*
4000755
Survey250
Structured*
3000505
Metaanalysis300
Structured*
4000755
REVIEWS
Systematic Review		300
Structured*
4000755
Narrative Review250
Structured**
3000504
Short communication200
(Un)structured
1500153
Case report150
(Un)structured
1500103
Viewpoint/
Perspective
200
Unstructured
2000201
Letters
-5005-

Table 1. Types of Articles and general requirements (*Background, Material & Methods, Results, Conclusion; ** Importance, Observations, Conclusions & Relevance)

2. List of abbreviations

If abbreviations are used they should be defined in the text at first use, and a list of abbreviations in alphabetical order should be provided at the end of the body of the paper. (ESMO – European Society for Medical Oncology)

3. Statements

Please be sure to add the following statements regarding:

Authors’ contributions

Each author is expected to have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or the creation of new software used in the work; or have drafted the work or substantively revised it; AND has approved the submitted version (and version substantially edited by journal staff that involves the author’s contribution to the study); AND agrees to be personally accountable for the author’s own contributions and for ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work, even ones in which the author was not personally involved, are appropriately investigated, resolved, and documented in the literature.

Example: XX and XY conceived and planned the analysis. ZY, ZZ contributed to the interpretation of the results. XZ took the lead in writing the manuscript. YY and XX made the final approval. All authors provided critical feedback and helped shape the research, analysis, and manuscript.

Please mention: “As the corresponding author, I confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved for submission by all named authors.”

Conflict of interests

Authors must identify and declare any personal circumstances or interest that may be perceived as inappropriately influencing the representation or interpretation of reported research results. If there is no conflict of interest, please state “The authors declare no conflict of interest.”

Funding Sources

All sources of funding for the study should be disclosed. Clearly indicate grants that you have received in support of your research work and if you received funds to cover publication costs. If there was no funding, please mention “None”

Statement of Ethics

Please mention if the manuscript does/does not contain any studies carried out by the authors on humans or animals and if it was approved by an Ethics Committee

Please mention “The informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.”

AI-assisted technologies

AI Disclosure Statements for Authors

All submitted manuscripts must disclose any use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, large language models (LLMs), or automated technologies used during the conceptualization, execution, or drafting of the study. Select and adapt the statement below that best reflects your use of these technologies.

1. General & Editorial Assistance (Language, Formatting, Grammar)

Use this option when AI tools were used exclusively for editorial refinement, translation, formatting, or improving general readability:

Declaration of Generative AI in Manuscript Preparation:

During the preparation of this manuscript, the author(s) used [Tool Name, Version/Model] to [briefly describe task, e.g., improve grammar, refine sentence structure, translate text, or format references]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed, edited, and verified the content as needed and take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the published content.

2. Data Analysis, Code Generation, or Image Processing

Use this option when AI tools were employed for scientific tasks such as data analysis, writing analysis scripts, or enhancing image resolution:

Declaration of Generative AI in Data & Figure Processing:

The author(s) utilized [Tool Name, Version/Model] for [state specific function, e.g., assisting in writing Python scripts for statistical analysis / enhancing figure resolution for Figure X]. No synthetic data or altered image features were created that modify the original scientific findings. All raw data, generated code outputs, and processed figures were independently audited, validated, and confirmed by the authors.

3. Full / Multi-Stage Integration

Use this option when AI tools were used across multiple phases of the project (e.g., literature mapping, code generation, and editorial drafting):

Declaration of Generative AI in Research & Drafting:

The author(s) used [Tool Name, Version/Model] to assist with [specify operations, e.g., organizing initial literature review themes, optimizing analytical scripts, and refining manuscript prose]. All literature references, data calculations, interpretations, and final text were independently verified by the authors. No confidential or identifiable patient/participant data were uploaded into any generative AI platform.

4. Statement of Non-Use (No AI Applied)

Use this option when no AI tools or automated assistants were used at any point in the project or manuscript preparation:

Declaration of Non-Use of Generative AI:

The author(s) declare that no generative AI, large language models, or AI-assisted software were used in the design, data collection, analysis, literature search, image generation, or manuscript drafting for this submission.

Key Requirements Checklist for Authors

When inserting your declaration, ensure your submission satisfies the following editorial standards:

  • No Authorship Rights: AI tools do not meet the criteria for legal personhood or scholarly accountability and must never be listed as an author or co-author.
  • Granular Specificity: Always name the exact tool, model number/version, and developer/company (e.g., OpenAI ChatGPT-4o, Anthropic Claude 3.5 Sonnet).
  • Reference Integrity: Authors must manually verify every cited reference to ensure no synthetic, hallucinated, or misquoted citations are included.
  • Data Privacy Compliance: Never upload unconsented clinical data, protected health information (PHI), or confidential datasets into external AI models.

Acknowledgments

Please feel free to mention people/organizations that supported your project.

4. References

  • References must be numbered in order of appearance in the text and follow the Vancouver referencing style, Author(s) – Family name and initials. Title of article. Abbreviated journal title. Publication year, month, day (month & day only if available); volume(issue):pages. (including table captions and figure legends) and listed individually at the end of the manuscript.
  • We recommend preparing the references with a bibliography software package, such as Endnote, Mendeley or Zotero to avoid typing mistakes and duplicated references. The maximum number of references depends on the type of paper. Please check the detailed information here
  • Citations and References in Supplementary files are permitted provided that they also appear in the main text and in the reference list.
  • In the text, reference numbers should be placed in brackets ( ), and placed before the punctuation; for example (1), (1–3) or (1,3).

D. Supplementary Materials

Describe any supplementary material published online alongside the manuscript (figure, tables, video, spreadsheets, etc.). Please indicate the name and title of each element as follows Figure 1: title, Table 1: title, etc. When mentioned in the text, they should appear in round brackets: (Fig.1) (Table 1), etc

Figures:
  • Format – JPEG
  • Resolution >300 dpi
  • Sent separately (not embedded in the manuscript).
  • Figure captions should be also sent separately in a .doc file and begin with the term Fig. in bold type, followed by the figure number and figure title (also in bold) and a concise legend describing accurately what the figure depicts.
  • Add permissions to reproduce the figures and references if applicable.
Tables:
  • Numbered using Arabic numerals
  • Cited in text in consecutive numerical order.
  • For each table, please supply a table caption explaining the components of the table.
  • Define any abbreviations, symbols or footnotes.
Special considerations

Ethical guidelines: authors must comply to the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/).

Informed consent: Please make sure that you have copies of the patients᾽ signed consent forms in which patients or relatives in case the patient cannot, clearly state permission for inclusion in the study and/or the publication of photographs or other material that might identify them. Any patient identification data should be anonymized (name, surname, ID), and patient consent should be obtained where there is any doubt of patient anonymity.

Correspondence: in case of comments to the published case, the Editor-in-Chief will provide relevant comments to authors and will ask them to respond to peer criticism.