AN INSIGHT INTO THE PECULIARITIES OF SIGNET-RING CELL CARCINOMA OF THE COLON. A REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

Publication Date : 15/02/2024


Author(s) :

Loredana, Diana.


Volume/Issue :
Volume 4
,
Issue 1
(02 - 2024)



Abstract :

IMPORTANCE: Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon (SRCC) is a rare, distinct entity of colon cancer, harboring a poor prognosis. Despite the quick development of a variety of personalized cancer treatments, no specific therapy is recommended for this histological subtype. OBSERVATIONS: In the current literature review, we focus on investigating the particularities associated with this disease, with regards to clinical presentation, preoperative work-up and treatment. Irrespective of age and gender, SRCC is located more frequently in the ascending colon, with patients having a more advanced stage at diagnosis. The ability of imaging techniques and tumor markers to indicate the full extent of the tumor is low. Consequently, a curative surgical approach is rarely possible, with many cases having an incomplete resection. Although research regarding the role of neoadjuvant therapy in SRCC is limited, adjuvant chemotherapy seems to improve the outcomes in stage III subpopulation. The incidence of BRCA1 and B-RAF gene mutations is higher compared to adenocarcinoma tumors, as well as the presence of microsatellite instability, which qualifies SRCC for a more targeted treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Considering the aggressiveness of this histological subtype, the work-up of patients with SRCC needs to be improved. Additionally, further research into specific biomarkers, including circulating tumor DNA is needed for a tailored therapeutic strategy.


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